P
Pathologia
MD Question Bank
2021 – 2025

Last 5 Years Question Papers

Every question asked across the last five years of MAHE MD Pathology (2021–2025), separated into General Pathology, Systemic Pathology, Hematology, Lab Medicine and Recent Advances.

General Pathology

Nov 2025

10 LE · 1 SN
Long Essays
  1. Role of adhesion molecules in inflammation and healing.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Role of growth factors in cutaneous wound healing.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  3. Pathophysiology of septic shock.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  4. Anti-thrombotic properties of endothelium.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  5. Pathogenesis and criteria for classification of SLE; morphology of renal SLE.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  6. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases
  7. Role of p53 in tumorigenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  8. Pathogenesis of chemical carcinogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  9. Mechanism of apoptosis with diagram.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
  10. Cytomegalovirus infection in humans.Infections & Miscellaneous Pathology
Short Notes
  1. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases

Jul 2025

8 LE · 6 SN
Long Essays
  1. Mechanisms of cellular ageing.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Role of free radicals in cell injury.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  3. Role of endothelium in health and disease.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  4. Mechanism of T cell immunodeficiency in HIV infection.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  5. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases
  6. Role of tumor suppressor genes; epigenetic changes.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  7. Mechanism of apoptosis with diagram.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
  8. Quality assurance in cytology lab.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
Short Notes
  1. Functional leucocyte abnormalities.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Pathogenesis and complications of thrombosis.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  3. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases
  4. Quality assurance in cytology lab.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  5. Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda
  6. Role of liquid biopsy in tumor diagnosis.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Jan 2025

2 LE · 10 SN
Long Essays
  1. Role of arachidonic acid metabolites in inflammation.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Sequential steps in metastatic cascade.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
Short Notes
  1. Endogenous pigments.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Cellular aging and telomere.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  3. Genomic imprinting.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  4. Role of angiogenesis in tissue repair.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  5. Antithrombotic properties of normal endothelium.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  6. Stages of shock.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  7. Class I MHC molecules.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  8. Application of frozen section in histopathology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  9. Immunocytochemistry in tumor diagnosis.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  10. Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Jun 2024

3 LE · 8 SN
Long Essays
  1. Role of endothelium in regulation of homeostasis.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  2. Mechanism of T cell immunodeficiency in HIV infection.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  3. Microbial carcinogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
Short Notes
  1. Ischemia-reperfusion injury.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Chemokines.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  3. Mechanism of recognition and rejection of allografts.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  4. Cancer cachexia.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  5. PTEN.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  6. Fixatives in cytology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  7. Cytologic features of medullary carcinoma thyroid & DD.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda
  8. IUD-associated cellular changes in cervical cytology.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Dec 2023

4 LE · 8 SN
Long Essays
  1. Mechanisms of cellular ageing.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Mechanisms of immunologic tolerance.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  3. Apoptosis and its role in health and disease.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
  4. Role of FNAC in breast lump evaluation.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda
Short Notes
  1. Mechanisms of generation and removal of free radicals.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Eicosanoids.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  3. Role of stem cells in tissue homeostasis.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  4. Micro RNAs and their role in carcinogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  5. p53.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  6. Pathogenesis of complications of diabetes mellitus.Infections & Miscellaneous Pathology
  7. Technique of liquid based cytology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  8. Role of FNA in cystic lesions of neck.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Jul 2023

4 LE · 9 SN
Long Essays
  1. Role of cytokines in inflammation.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Effects of growth factors and their receptors in neoplasia.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  3. Pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  4. Pathogenesis of tuberculosis.Infections & Miscellaneous Pathology
Short Notes
  1. Pathogenesis of thrombus formation.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  2. Mechanism of autoimmunity in SLE.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  3. AIDS defining opportunistic infections.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  4. Oncofetal antigens as tumor markers.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  5. DNA mismatch repair genes.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  6. Pathogenesis of complications of diabetes mellitus.Infections & Miscellaneous Pathology
  7. Bronchial brush cytology and its utility.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  8. Bethesda system in gynecologic cytology.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda
  9. Fine needle aspiration techniques in thyroid.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Oct 2022

5 LE · 7 SN
Long Essays
  1. Role of adhesion molecules in inflammation and healing.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Pathophysiology of manifestations of AIDS.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  3. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases
  4. Cell cycle with checkpoints; cyclins, CDKs and CDK inhibitors.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  5. Mechanism of apoptosis with diagram.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
Short Notes
  1. Pathology of graft versus host disease.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  2. Classification and pathogenesis of amyloidosis.Amyloidosis & Deposition Diseases
  3. Cell cycle with checkpoints; cyclins, CDKs and CDK inhibitors.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  4. Viral oncogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  5. Technique of liquid based cytology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  6. Squash technique in CNS tumors.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
  7. Cytological workup of solitary thyroid nodule.Cytopathology – Organ-specific / FNAC / Bethesda

Apr 2022

4 LE · 10 SN
Long Essays
  1. Mechanisms of cellular ageing.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Mechanisms of angiogenesis in healing and repair.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  3. Prognostic markers and mechanisms of metastasis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  4. Lysosomal storage diseases; features of Gaucher's disease.Genetic & Metabolic Disorders
Short Notes
  1. Intracellular accumulations.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Toll-like receptors.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  3. Role of platelet activating factor in inflammation.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  4. Type I hypersensitivity reaction.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  5. miRNAs in oncogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  6. Role of oncogenic DNA viruses in neoplasia.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  7. Role of p53 gene in neoplasia.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  8. Lysosomal storage diseases; features of Gaucher's disease.Genetic & Metabolic Disorders
  9. Turner syndrome.Genetic & Metabolic Disorders
  10. Automation in cytology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality

Oct 2021

2 LE · 10 SN
Long Essays
  1. Functions of leukocytes in inflammation and clinical conditions of leukocyte dysfunction.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  2. Sequence of events in a dying cell.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
Short Notes
  1. Gene therapy.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Obesity associated diseases.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  3. Fracture callus.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  4. Role of extracellular matrix in cell growth.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  5. Types of collagen and their significance.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  6. Significance of ANCA.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  7. Factors influencing transplant rejection.Transplantation & Immunodeficiency
  8. HPV and genital cancer.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  9. VHL gene.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  10. Technique of liquid based cytology.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality

May 2021

3 LE · 13 SN
Long Essays
  1. Mechanisms of autoimmunity and autoimmune endocrine disorders.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  2. Mechanism of apoptosis with diagram.Apoptosis & Programmed Cell Death
  3. Quality assurance in cytology lab.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality
Short Notes
  1. Telomeres.Cell Injury, Adaptation & Cellular Ageing
  2. Substance P.Acute & Chronic Inflammation
  3. Role of stem cells in tissue homeostasis.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  4. Role of matrix metalloproteinases in diseases.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  5. Role of angiogenesis in neoplasia.Tissue Repair, Wound Healing & Angiogenesis
  6. Hypercoagulable states.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  7. Pathophysiology of irreversible shock.Haemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis & Shock
  8. Immunological tolerance.Immunity, Hypersensitivity & Autoimmunity
  9. miRNA and carcinogenesis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  10. Role of molecular markers in cancer prognosis.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  11. Role of stroma in tumor progression.Neoplasia – Genes, Molecular & Carcinogenesis
  12. Classification of lysosomal storage disorders.Genetic & Metabolic Disorders
  13. Quality assurance in cytology lab.Cytopathology – Techniques & Quality